Designing an Interpretive Structural Model of Human Resource Productivity with a Focus on Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems in Iraq's Construction Industry
Keywords:
Human resource productivity, occupational safety and health, interpretive structural modeling (ISM), construction industry, risk management, IraqAbstract
This study aims to design an interpretive structural model (ISM) of human resource productivity with a specific focus on occupational health and safety management systems in Iraq’s construction industry. This research employs a mixed-methods design with both qualitative and quantitative components. Qualitatively, thematic analysis was applied to data gathered through expert interviews using a snowball sampling approach involving 10 university professors and industry managers. In the quantitative phase, the ISM technique was used to examine the structural relationships among dimensions and to stratify them hierarchically. The structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was applied using SmartPLS software with a sample of 384 civil engineers selected based on Cochran’s formula. The reliability and validity of the measurement model were assessed through composite reliability, AVE, and confirmatory factor analysis, while model fit was evaluated using the Goodness of Fit (GoF) index. The qualitative analysis identified five key dimensions of human resource productivity: creating suitable employment, scientific training and development, effective communication, risk management, and rewards and incentives. ISM analysis stratified these dimensions into three levels, with "creating suitable employment" being the most dependent, and "scientific training and development" the most influential. SEM results confirmed all hypothesized relationships among constructs, with scientific training significantly impacting risk management, communication, and incentive systems. The model demonstrated strong convergent validity (AVE > 0.50) and composite reliability (> 0.70), and the overall model fit (GoF = 0.56) was deemed robust. The study confirms that investments in scientific training and development play a central role in enhancing human resource productivity through effective risk management, communication, and reward mechanisms in construction settings. Furthermore, implementing structured risk management systems and integrating immersive safety training technologies can lead to safer, more innovative, and productive work environments in Iraq’s construction industry.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Atheer Mahdi Hameed (Author); Saeid Aghasi; Husam Hussein Shyaa Alsalami, Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi (Author)
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