The Role of Blockchain Technology in the Supply Chain Performance of the Oil and Gas Industry
Keywords:
nformation and Communication Technology (ICT), Supply Chain, Oil and Gas Industry, Blockchain TechnologyAbstract
When examining the potential of blockchain technology in the oil and gas industry, one of its most significant application areas is supply chain management. In terms of purpose, this study is applied research, and in terms of methodology, it adopts a causal-correlational approach using a questionnaire as the data collection instrument. A total of 254 questionnaires were distributed through simple random sampling among senior experts and information technology specialists in 2025. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while face validity was evaluated through pilot testing. Content validity was calculated and confirmed using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). To determine the relationships between the independent and dependent variables within the conceptual research model, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and the AMOS software package were employed. The findings indicate that blockchain technology, particularly in the oil and gas industry, can facilitate process integration through decentralization and participatory decision-making, foster trust, and enhance transparency. Nevertheless, many large oil and gas companies continue to perceive investment in this technology as risky and have largely limited their actions to monitoring and evaluating the experiences and outcomes of leading organizations in this field.
References
Angelis, J., & Ribeiro da Silva, E. (2018). Blockchain Adoption: A Value Driver Perspective. Business Horizons, 62(3), 307-314.
Bai, C., & Sarkis, J. (2020). A Supply Chain Transparency and Sustainability Technology Appraisal Model for Blockchain Technology. International Journal of Production Research, 58(7), 2142-2162.
Behi Far, M., Razavi, M., & Jafari, P. (2023). Identification of Geomechanics Technological Capabilities in the Oil and Gas Industry. Journal of Geomechanics and Geoenergy, 6(2), 48-63. https://doi.org/10.22107/jpg.2023.407649.1201
Behi Far, M., Razavi, M., & Jafari, P. (2025a). Dynamic Capability of the Upstream Oil and Gas Supply Chain for Achieving Competitive Advantage. Supply chain management, 27(89), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.47176/scmj.2026.1620
Behi Far, M., Razavi, M., & Jafari, P. (2025b). Providing a Technology-Based Technical and Engineering Training Model to Enhance the Professional Competencies of Oil and Gas Service Companies. Iranian Journal of Engineering Education, e238122. https://doi.org/10.22047/ijee.2026.532099.2182
Bernabe, J. B., Canovas, J. L., & Hernandez-Ramos, J. L. (2019). Privacy-Preserving Solutions for Blockchain: Review and Challenges. IEEE Access, 7, 164908-164940.
Centobelli, P., Cerchione, R., & Esposito, E. (2020). Pursuing Supply Chain Sustainable Development Goals through the Adoption of Green Practices and Enabling Technologies: A Cross-Country Analysis of LSPS. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 153, 119920.
Chang, S. E., Chen, Y. C., & Wu, T. C. (2019). Exploring Blockchain Technology in International Trade: Business Process Re-Engineering for Letter of Credit. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 119(8), 1712-1733.
Falazi, G., Hahn, M., Breitenbücher, U., & Leymann, F. (2019). Modeling and Execution of Blockchain-Aware Business Processes. SICS Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Systems, 34(2&3), 105-116.
Francisco, K., & Swanson, D. (2018). The Supply Chain Has No Clothes: Technology Adoption of Blockchain for Supply Chain Transparency. Logistics, 2(1), 1-13.
Ghasemi, V. (2021). Structural Equation Modeling in Social Research Using Amos Graphics (3rd ed.). Sociologists Publications.
Hair, J., Jr., Page, M., & Brunsveld, N. (2019). Essentials of Business Research Methods. Routledge.
Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., & Sokolov, B. (2019). Ripple Effect in the Supply Chain: Definitions, Frameworks and Future Research Perspectives. In Handbook of Ripple Effects in the Supply Chain (Vol. 276, pp. 1-33). Springer International Publishing.
Korpela, K., Hallikas, J., & Dahlberg, T. (2017). Digital Supply Chain Transformation toward Blockchain Integration. Proceedings from the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Waikoloa, HI.
Kshetri, N. (2018). Blockchain's Roles in Meeting Key SCM Objectives. International Journal of Information Management, 39(2), 80-89.
Lee, J. H., & Pilkington, M. (2017). How the Blockchain Revolution Will Reshape the Consumer Electronics Industry [Future Directions]. Ieee Consumer Electronics Magazine, 6(3), 19-23.
Mao, D., Wang, F., Hao, Z., & Li, H. (2018). Credit Evaluation System Based on Blockchain for Multiple Stakeholders in the Food Supply Chain. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(8), 1-21.
Mondragon, A. E. C., Mondragon, C. E. C., & Coronado, E. S. (2018). Exploring the Applicability of Blockchain Technology to Enhance Manufacturing Supply Chains in the Composite Materials Industry. Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Conference on Applied System Innovation (ICASI),
O'Byrne, R. (2019). Blockchain Technology Is Set to Transform the Supply Chain: How Blockchain Can Transform the Supply Chain. https://www.logisticsbureau.com/how-blockchain-can-transform-the-supply-chain/
Pearson, S., May, D., & Leontidis, G. (2019). Are Distributed Ledger Technologies the Panacea for Food Traceability? Global Food Security, 20, 145-149.
Queiroz, M. M., & Wamba, S. F. (2019). Blockchain Adoption Challenges in Supply Chain: An Empirical Investigation of the Main Drivers in India and the USA. International Journal of Information Management, 46, 70-82.
Raja, J., Ashish, A., Boianapalli, S., & Rashid, S. Z. (2025). Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management Enhancing Transparency and Efficiency.
Rizou, M., Galanakis, I. M., Aldawoud, T. M., & Galanakis, C. M. (2020). Safety of Foods, Food Supply Chain and Environment within the COVID-19 Pandemic. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 102, 293-299.
Saberi, S., Kouhizadeh, M., Sarkis, J., & Shen, L. (2019). Blockchain Technology and Its Relationships to Sustainable Supply Chain Management. International Journal of Production Research, 57(7), 2117-2135.
Toyoda, K., Mathiopoulos, P. T., Sasase, I., & Ohtsuki, T. (2017). A Novel Blockchain-Based Product Ownership Management System (POMS) for Anti-Counterfeits in the Post Supply Chain. IEEE Access, 5, 17465-17477.
Treiblmaier, H. (2018). The Impact of the Blockchain on the Supply Chain: A Theory-Based Research Framework and a Call for Action. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 23(6), 545-559.
Tse, D., Zhang, B., & Yang, Y. (2017). Blockchain Application in Food Supply Information Security. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM),
Turk, Ž., & Klinc, R. (2017). Potentials of Blockchain Technology for Construction Management. Procedia Engineering, 196, 638-645.
Uvet, H., Park, A., Dickens, J., Oh, J., & Hazen, B. (2025). How blockchain technology utilization influences corporate social responsibility through supply chain transparency and the role of supplier risk. The International Journal of Logistics Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-04-2024-0245
Wang, Z., Hu, H., & Gong, J. (2018). Simulation Based Multiple Disturbances Evaluation in the Precast Supply Chain for Improved Disturbance Prevention. Journal of Cleaner Production, 177, 232-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.188
Xia, J., & Yongjun, L. (2017). Trust Evaluation Model for Supply Chain Enterprises under Blockchain Environment. 7th International Conference on Social Network, Communication and Education (SNCE 2017),
Xu, X., Chen, X., Hou, J., Cheng, T. C. E., Yu, Y., & Zhou, L. (2025). Should live streaming be adopted for agricultural supply chain considering platform's quality improvement and blockchain support? Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 195, 103950. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2024.103950
Yi, H. (2021). A Secure Logistics Model Based on Blockchain. Enterprise Information Systems, 15(7), 1002-1018.
Zhang, P., Schmidt, D. C., White, J., & Lenz, G. (2018). Blockchain Technology Use Cases in Healthcare. In Blockchain Technology: Platforms, Tools and Use Cases (1st ed.). Elsevier.
Zhang،, X., Zhang،, Y., Liu،, X., & Wang،, R. (2025). Blockchain-Based Intelligent Risk Management Decision Support System for Supply Chain Financing. International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies (IJIIT), 21(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJIIT.369153
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Elham Moghadamnia; Abbas Behradfar, Payam Naeini (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
